NCERT Exploring Society: India and Beyond, pages 75–84. 4 topics, about 1 day of study at 20 to 30 minutes a day.
This chapter has no printed section headings, so these topics are our own outline. Use it as a guide.
Textbook pages follow the 2026-27 NCERT print and can differ by a page or two in older prints. Adhian Gurus is not affiliated with NCERT or CBSE.